Read more on feeding Goldfish can live in very cold water, just above freezing, but only for short periods of time such as during winter.
They can also live in temperatures close to o F 38 o C but the temperature change has to be very gradual. Only when the water temperature is in the mid ranges of above 55 o F 13 o C and below 80 o F 27 o C do goldfish thrive. Goldfish are poikilothermic which means they are the same temperature as the water they are in. Read more on water conditions…. Goldfish need approximately 24 square inches of surface area per inch of body length. Fancy deep bodied varieties require even more square inches of surface area than the figure above because they have greater body mass per inch.
Goldfish are extremely tolerant of a wide range of water conditions and can live in hard, soft, acid or alkaline water. Using aquarium water filters does allow higher fish numbers to be kept because more water is exposed to the air and pollutants are removed. Goldfish are egg scatterers. The female scatters her eggs randomly among plants growing in the shallows as the males follow in close pursuit to fertilize them. No care is given to the eggs by the parents, in fact after breeding ceases, they will eat any eggs or fry babies they can find.
Read more on goldfish breeding…. Goldfish get sick or die because the conditions they are in have weakened their immune system. The number one killer of goldfish is polluted water caused by overfeeding of dry foods. Rotting uneaten food quickly causes an ammonia spike in the water which is a killer for all fish species. Most problems can be cured by a change of water and some un-iodized cooking salt added to the water about a tablespoon per gallon, grams per liter. Goldfish can take high concentrations of salt in their water if it is added gradually.
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Goldfish are not particularly aggresive, thus combining sizes is not often a problem. It is worth suggesting that varieties which are drastically different should not be combined in a tank: e.
In the wild, goldfish are omnivores. They eat plants, insects such as mosquito larvae, small crustaceans, zooplankton, and detritus. In captivity, goldfish are commonly fed dried flake or pellet food. As pets, they should also be fed foods they would consume if they were in the wild.
Good diet supplements include freeze dried Tubifex worms, mosquito larva, bloodworms, Daphnia, brineshrimp, and vegetation such as boiled peas and lettuce. Goldfish farming has become an industry of notable size. Millions of fish are bred each year and sold to aquarium shops for resale to fish enthusiasts.
In North America there is a demand for goldfish to be used as bait by anglers. Pet shops often have feeder goldfish to sell to owners of carnivorous aquarium fish. Introduced populations are due primarily to people releasing their pets into local waterways. Goldfish should not be released into ponds in the wild because they breed quickly and are capable of crowding out native fish species.
They are considered pests in most places where they have been introduced. This includes Greenland, the Canadian Arctic islands, and all of the North American as far south as the highlands of central Mexico. In otherwords, Europe and Asia and northern Africa. Animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides, as well as anterior and posterior ends. Synapomorphy of the Bilateria. Iteroparous animals must, by definition, survive over multiple seasons or periodic condition changes.
Chris Andrews; Tetra Press; Froese, R. Pauly, eds..
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